inference

Population (aka universe) is the entire group of units (people, groups, countries, etc) we are interested in measuring.

Sample is a sub-set of the population. We use this to generalize about our relationship of interest/outcome to the population.

We do this due to efficiency, time, and feasability. The sample has to be representative of the population.

Probability is a proportion, scaled from 0-1 & sum of all outcomes=1.

if we know the probability of ‘A’ occuring, then we also know the probability of ‘A’ NOT occuring (1-Pr(A))

2. Pr(not A) = 1- Pr(A)

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